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Cardiac Shunts

Albert A, Müller HR, and A Hetzel. Optimized TCD technique for the diagnosis of cardial right-to-left shunts. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2): S64. (abstract #6)

Chimowitz M, et al. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound detects right to left cardiac or pulmonary shunts. Presented at the 5th Int'l Symposium on Intracranial Hemodynamics, San Francisco, CA, Feb 18-21, 1991. J Cardiovasc Tech 1990; 9: 284. (abstract)

Del Sette M, et al. Right to left shunt on transcranial Doppler in young patients with TIA or ischemic stroke, a case control study. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #9)

Devuyst G, et al. Surgical closure of patent foramen ovale in patients with stroke. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #11)

Devuyst G, Regli F, and PA Despland. Detection of patent foramen ovale using simultaneous bilateral transcranial Doppler ultrasound after contrast injection. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #10)

Hamann GF, et al. Femoral injection of echocontrast medium increases the sensitivity for diagnosis of patent foramen ovale in young stroke patients. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #12)

Jünger E, et al. Evaluation of transcranial Doppler sonography with intravenous injection of air bubble suspension for diagnosis of patent foramen ovale. Presented at the 8th Int'l Symposium on Cerebral Hemodynamics, Münster, Germany, Sept 25-27, 1994. Cerebrovasc Dis 1994; 4(supp 3). (abstract #20)

Klingelhöfer J, et al. Dynamics and spatial distribution of emboli in the anterior and posterior cerebral circulation in patients with right-to-left shunt. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #13)

Link A, et al. Transcranial Doppler in detection of paradoxical cardiogenic embolism. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #16)

Paolo AG, Magoni M, and E Renaldini. Patent foramen ovale can be assessed by transcranial Doppler. Presented at the 8th Int'l Symposium on Cerebral Hemodynamics, Münster, Germany, Sept 25-27, 1994. Cerebrovasc Dis 1994; 4(supp 3). (abstract #52)

Schminke U, et al. Patent foramen ovale: a potential source of cerebral embolism? Cerebrovasc Dis 1995; 5: 133-138.

Venketasubramanian N, et al. Vascular distribution of paradoxical emboli by transcranial Doppler. Neurology 1993; 43(8): 1533-1535.

Zanette EM, et al. Patent foramen ovale and transcranial Doppler. Comparison of different procedures. Stroke 1996; 27(12): 2251-2255.

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