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Stroke

Amarenco P, et al. Causes of cerebral infarcts in 250 consecutive elderly patients. Stroke 1995; 26(1): 162. (abstract #32)

Argentino C, et al. Posterior circulation infarcts simulating anterior circulation stroke. Stroke 1996; 27(8): 1306-1309.

Babikian VL, et al. Cerebral microembolism and early recurrent cerebral or retinal ischemic events. Stroke 1997; 28(7): 1314-1318.

Babikian VL, et al. Cerebral microembolism and extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. J Ultrasound Med 1996; 15: 863-866.

Baleva M, et al. Sneddon’s syndrome: echocardiographic, neurological and immunologic findings. (letter to editor) Stroke 1995; 26(7): 1303-1304.

Broderick JP, et al. Relationship of cardiac disease to stroke occurrence, recurrence, and mortality. Stroke 1992; 23(9): 1250-1256.

Caplan LR. Clinical diagnosis of brain embolism. Cerebrovasc Dis 1995; 5: 79-88.

Caplan LR and M Hennerici. Impaired clearance of emboli (washout) is an important link between hypoperfusion, embolism, and ischemic stroke. Arch Neurol 1998; 55(11): 1475-1482.

Castillo V and J Bogousslavsky. Early classification of stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 3): 5-11.

Cerebral Embolism Task Force. Cardiogenic brain embolism. Arch Neurol 1986; 43(1): 71-84.

Cerebral Embolism Task Force. Cardiogenic brain embolism. The second report of the Cerebral Embolism Task Force. Arch Neurol 1989; 46(7): 727-743.

Del Sette M, et al. Microembolic signals with serial transcranial Doppler monitoring in acute focal ischemic deficit. A local phenomenon? Stroke 1997; 28(7): 1310-1313.

Diehl RR, et al. Evidence for embolization from a posterior cerebral artery thrombus by transcranial Doppler monitoring. Stroke 1993; 24(4): 606-608.

Fieschi C, et al. Clinical presentation and frequency of potential sources of embolism in acute ischemic stroke patients. The experience of the Rome Acute Stroke Registry. Cerebrovasc Dis 1995; 5: 75-78.

Furui E, et al. Detection of microembolic signals in patients with cardiogenic embolism--problems in detection microemboli by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Neurosonology 1998; 11(3): 123-125.

Grond M, et al. Early intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator in vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke. Arch Neurol 1998; 55(4): 466-469.

Grosset DC, et al. Clinical significance of cerebral emboli signals. (letter) Lancet 1993; 342(8870): 519.

Grosset DG, et al. Diagnosis of embolic stroke by transcranial Doppler and TOAST subtype classification. Presented at the 5th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Toronto, Canada, Sept 1-3, 1993. (abstract #A-36)

Grosset DG, et al. Doppler emboli signals vary according to stroke subtype. Stroke 1994; 25(2): 382-384.

Gur A and NM Bornstein. Is morning stroke preventable? Epidemiological data. Presented at the 6th European Stroke Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, May 28-31, 1997. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 4): 67. (abstract #EPI 8)

Hacke W. Introduction. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 2): 1.

Halverson AM, Futrell N, and LC Wang. Fibrin content of carotid thrombi alters the production of embolic stroke in the rat. Stroke 1994; 25(8): 1632-1636.

Heye N and J Cervós-Navarro. Microthromboemboli in acute infarcts. Analysis of 40 autopsy cases. Stroke 1996; 27(3): 431-434.

Itoh T, et al. Paradoxical embolism as a cause of ischemic stroke of uncertain etiology. Stroke 1994; 25(4): 771-775.

Khaffaf N, et al. Embolic stroke by compression manoeuvres during transcranial Doppler sonography. Presented at the 7th Int'l Symposium on Cerebral Hemodynamics, Lake Buena Vista, FL, Feb 6-10, 1993. Stroke 1994; 25(5): 1056-1057.

Levy R, Duyckaerts C, and JJ Hauw. Massive infarcts involving the territory of the anterior choroidal artery and cardioembolism. Stroke 1995; 26(4): 609-613.

Martin R and J Bogousslavsky. Embolic versus nonembolic causes of ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 1995; 5: 70-74.

Meyer JS, Muramatsu K, and T Shirai. Cerebral embolism as a cause of stroke and transient ischemic attack. Echocardiography 1996; 13(5): 513-517.

Mohr JP and the WARSS Group. Design considerations for the warfarin-antiplatelet recurrent stroke study. Cerebrovasc Dis 1995; 5: 156-157.

Moroney JAT, et al. Risk factors for incident dementia after stroke. Role of hypoxic and ischemic disorders. Stroke 1996; 27 (8); 1283-1289.

Müfflemann B, et al. Detection of intracranial emboli in patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimaging 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #18)

Pessin MS, Hinton RC, Davis KR, et al. Mechanisms of acute carotid stroke. Ann Neurol 1979; 6(3): 245-252.

Pfefferkorn TK, et al. Recurrence of ischemic events in young patients with patent foramen ovale. Presented at the 6th European Stroke Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, May 28-31, 1997. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 4): 44. (abstract #CLI 73)

Ringelstein EB, et al. Computed tomographic patterns of proven embolic brain infarctions. Ann Neurol 1989; 26(6): 759-765.

Román GC. From UBOs to Binswanger’s disease. Impact of magnetic resonance imaging on vascular dementia research. Stroke 1996; 27(8): 1269-1273.

Roos YBWEM, et al. Timing of surgery in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Rebleeding still is the major cause of poor outcome in neurosurgical units that aim at early surgery. Presented at the 6th European Stroke Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, May 28-31, 1997. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 4): 46. (abstract #CLI 84)

Rundek T, Demarin V, and S Podobnik-Sarkanji. Prevalence of intracranial emboli signals in patients with carotid and cardiac disease. Presented at the 6th Meeting of Neurosonology Research Group; World Federation of Neurology, Salzburg, Austria, Sept 1-3, 1995. J Neuroimag 1995; 5(supp 2). (abstract #22)

Ryu KH, et al. Heparin reduced neurological impairment after cerebral arterial air embolism in the rabbit. Stroke 1996; 27(2): 303-309.

Schoonover KD, et al. The detection of emboli in internal carotid artery dissection using transcranial Doppler. J Vas Tech 1994; 80(4): 205.

Segura T, et al. Clusters of microembolic signals: a new form of cerebral microembolism presentation in a patient with middle cerebral artery stenosis. Stroke 1998; 29(3): 722-724.

Sherrington CR and JM Bamford. Basilar artery reactivity: a diagnostic test for hindbrain ischemia? Presented at the 6th European Stroke Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, May 28-31, 1997. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 4): 64. (abstract #DIA 21)

Sliwka U, et al. Do chronic crerebral artery stenoses represent an embolic focus? A multirange transcranial Doppler study. Stroke 1997; 28(7): 1324-1327.

Sliwka U, et al. Occurrence of transcranial Doppler high-intensity transient signals in patients with potential cardiac sources of embolism. A prospective study. Stroke 1995; 26(11): 2067-2070.

Srinivasan J, et al. Transcranial Doppler in the evaluation of internal carotid artery dissection. Stroke 1996; 27(7): 1226-1230.

Steiner M, et al. Patent foramen ovale size and embolic brain imaging findings among patients with ischemic stroke. Stroke 1998; 29(5): 944-948.

Tegeler CH, et al. Carotid ultrasound emboli monitoring in stroke: initial clinical experience. J Neuroimaging 1991; 1: 61. (abstract)

Tong DC and GW Albers. Transcranial Doppler-detected microemboli in patients with acute stroke. Stroke 1995; 26(9): 1588-1592.

Valdueza JM, et al. Venous microembolic signals detected in patients with cerebral sinus thrombosis. Stroke 1997; 28(8): 1607-1609.

Valton L, et al. Microembolism in patients with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack is an independent risk factor for early recurrence. Presented at the 23rd International Joint Conference on Stroke and Cerebral Circulation, Omni Rosen Hotel, Orlando, FL, Feb 5-7, 1998.

Von Kummer R, et al. Does arterial recanalization improve outcome in carotid territory stroke? Stroke 1995; 26(4): 581-587.

Wahlgren NG. Pharmacological treatment of acute stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997; 7(supp 3): 24-30.

Wong DH. Perioperative stroke. Part II: cardiac surgery and cardiogenic embolic stroke. Can J Anaesth 1991; 38(4(pt 1)): 471-488.

Yamamoto K, et al. Circadian variation in incidence of cardioembolism. Am J Cardiol 1996; 78(11): 1312-1314.

Yatsu FM, et al. Brain endothelial cells, atherosclerosis and thromboembolism. Cerebrovasc Dis 1995; 5: 98-101.

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